Indicator is your essential guide to understanding and investigating digital deception.

We publish original reporting, in-depth investigations, and practical tutorials. Our expert research equips you with the knowledge and skills to navigate a chaotic digital landscape filled with scams, search engine and social media manipulation, disinformation, trolling, mobile app abuse, spyware, AI slop and more.

Indicator is designed for people on the front lines of digital investigations: journalists, analysts, researchers, and trust and safety professionals—alongside everyday citizens who want to make sense of what they see online. Indicator is for people who give a s**t:

  • About our information environment 
  • About open source reporting and investigations
  • About studying and exposing digital deception and manipulation 
  • About evidence and accountability


What we publish


Who we are

Craig Silverman (craigsilverman.ca) — I’ve spent more than 15 years researching and reporting on how our information environment is being manipulated. I’m obsessed with learning and teaching new digital investigative and OSINT techniques, and with spreading the skills to as many people as possible.

Prior to launching Indicator, I was a national reporter with ProPublica focused on investigating digital platforms and online manipulation. I previously served as media editor of BuzzFeed News, where I developed approaches to exposing digital disinformation and media manipulation.

I’m the editor of the European Journalism Centre’s Verification Handbook series, which offer free world-class guidance on how to verify online content and investigate disinformation and media manipulation. My reporting has been honored with a George Polk Award, the Carey McWilliams Award from the American Political Science Association, two SABEW awards, and the McGillivray Award from the Canadian Association of Journalists.

Alexios Mantzarlis (mantzarlis.com) — I am a recovering fact-checker and tech worker. I spend 80% of my time at Cornell Tech as the director of the Security, Trust, and Safety Initiative and the remaining time on Indicator.

Before starting Indicator, I sent the newsletter Faked Up. Prior to that, I spent 5 years at Google Trust & Safety where I built the content adversarial red teaming for Gemini and lead a Search content policy team.

I was the founding director of the International Fact-Checking Network (IFCN), the global coalition of fact-checking projects. As Director of the IFCN, I helped draft the fact-checkers' code of principles, shepherded a seminal partnership between fact-checkers and Facebook (RIP).

I care about online information quality as a fundamental prerequisite for healthy societies

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